MAD experiments require sources capable of producing x-rays at various suitable wavelengths. Three kinds of x-ray sources are used for current MAD experiments : bending magnet, wiggler and undulator. The bending-magnet radiation can provide adequate flux for many experiments. Wigglers give enhanced flux and extend the spectrum to higher energy and can make third-generation, low-energy sources suitable. Undulators on the high-energy, low-emittance sources would yield exceptionally bright x-ray radiation over a narrower but tunable range.
