AFM, one of the most important nanotechnological instruments, provides a new way of studying bio-macromolecules and cell surfaces in nanoscale. One unique characteristics of AFM is a position-sensitive probe attached to a microcantilever, allowing imaging biomolecules on surfaces and measuring force interactions, in the pico Newton (pN) range, within and between individual biomolecules. Furthermore, AFM can be operated in solution, presumably bringing biomolecules to their native environments for direct observation at work. The structure and reaction mechanisms of biomolecules thus can be elucidated. 

Proteins、Liposomes、Planar lipid bilayers

            

Bio-chip